Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: The regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism in the brain is essential to ensure overall neurological health and proper functioning. Increased glycolysis and lipogenesis, if not properly regulated, can potentially lead to an imbalance between energy production in the brain. Glucose and lipid metabolic dysregulation contribute to the development and progression of various brain diseases. Besides other factors maternal undernutrition may alter glucose and lipid m...

Introduction: Delayed puberty is a common indication for referral to paediatric endocrine services. Although guidelines exist for management of testosterone replacement in adults, currently it is not clear what the optimum regimen for testosterone therapy is for children or how best to monitor boys throughout treatment.Aims: To identify the characteristics of testosterone therapy in boys referred for delayed puberty.Methods: Retros...

Introduction: Primary Bilateral Macronodular Adrenal Hyperplasia (PBMAH) is a rare cause of ACTH-independent Cushing syndrome. It is characterized by the development of supracentimetric nodules resulting in increased adrenal volume and weight. Its presentation is clinically, radiologically and biologically heterogeneous. Morphological descriptions of PBMAH are rare. Although the initial description highlights that multinodular hyperplastic adrenal glands are made of a majority...

Introduction: Bilateral macronodular adrenal disease (BMAD) is a genetically heterogeneous disease that can be caused by ARMC5 or KDM1A alterations. Indeed, a germline and somatic event leading to a bi-allelic inactivation of ARMC5 or KDM1A are responsible for 20 and 1% of BMAD cases, respectively. Genetic analysis identified three molecular groups: ARMC5, KDM1A and no genetic cause known to date. Although there is a high h...

Background: Thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) is the major human thyroid hormone transport protein. It is encoded by the SERPINA7 gene, located on the long arm of the X chromosome (Xq22.2). Inherited TBG abnormalities result in complete (TBG-CD) or partial (TBG-PD) TBG deficiency. We performed a comprehensive molecular analysis of the SERPINA7 gene in a Brazilian family with TBG-PD.Methods: Genomic DNA was extracted from the female proband, her father, di...

Introduction: Bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling (BIPSS) is the gold-standard for the differential diagnosis of ACTH-dependent Cushing Syndrome when the pituitary adenoma on MRI is doubtful or absent. This study aimed to analyze whether BIPSS can influence the outcome in patients with Cushing disease (CD).Methods: Retrospective, descriptive study. Forty-two patients with CD submitted to transsphenoidal surgery (TS) between 2005 and 2016 were divi...

Introduction: Successful long-term management of patients with Cushing’s disease (CD) remains a challenge. Few studies have analyzed the long-term recurrence rates of CD after transsphenoidal surgery (TS).Objectives: 1) to compare the outcome of patients with and without postoperative criteria for cure; 2) to compare the outcome of patients with and without a histological diagnosis of adenoma.Methods: Retrospective, descriptiv...

GLP-1 is a gut hormones with insulinotropic effects. GLP-1 is expressed at the hypothalamus having regulatory functions in food intake and neuroendocrine corticoadrenal axis (HPA). Energy balance and HPA have deep influence in the gonadal function of mammals. Exendin-4 (Ex4) is a potent agonist for the GLP-1 receptor.Objectives: To evaluate the effects of native GLP-1 (7–36)-NH2(GLP-1) and Ex4 in the function of the reproductive system in adulthood ...

Acromegaloidisms are usually reported as isolated cases that are not well characterised clinically. Indeed, most such cases were reported several decades ago, part of the reason why our knowledge about this entity is scarce. By contrast, clinical situations suggestive of acromegaly are not so infrequent, in which basal GH and IGF1 levels lie within a normal range, the GH responses to OGTT challenge are conserved and there is no radiological (MRI) evidence of hypothalamic-pitui...

In liver, melatonin (Mel) and glucocorticoids (GC) influence the systemic energy homeostasis. Animals without pineal gland present impairment in glycemic control, as in type-2 diabetes. In turn, Mel reduces the GC levels, particularly in nocturnal animals. We aimed to evaluate the influence of Mel, as well as GC receptor blockade by RU486 treatment on hepatic and pancreatic energy metabolism. Male Wistar rats were subjected to surgical removal of pineal and, 25 days after the ...